نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای خاکشناسی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران

2 2- استاد گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران

3 استادیار گروه علوم زمین، دانشگاه گلستان، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران

چکیده

به منظور مطالعه تاثیر ویژگی‌های سنگ مادر بر ویژگی‌های خاک، تنوعی از سنگ­های رسوبی از شش سازند در ناودیس شیخ )شمال شرق بجنورد( انتخاب گردیدند که شامل سنگانه (شیل)، آب‌دراز و کلات (سنگ­های آهکی) پسته‌لیق (سنگ رس)، خانگیران (ماسه­سنگ) و نئوژن (مارن گچ‌دار) می‌باشند و مکان حفر خاکرخ­ها بر روی پایدارترین سطوح ژئومورفیک موجود بر روی سازند­ها و به گونه‌ای انتخاب گردید که خاک­ها بیشترین وابستگی را به سنگ مادر زیرین خود داشته باشند. بجز خاکرخ­های مطالعه شده بر روی سازندهای کلات و آب­دراز که بر روی شیب کناری حفر شده­اند، سایر خاکرخ ها بر روی قله شیب حفر شدند. مقایسه تکامل خاک­های حاصل از سنگ­های آهکی نشان می­دهد که درجه تکامل آنها متاثر از تفاوت نوع سنگ­های آهکی می­باشد؛ همچنین وجود ذرات درشت کوارتزی در ماسه سنگ و نبود کانی­های قابل هوادیدگی محدودیت اصلی برای تحول خاک از ماسه­سنگ است. نتایج نشان می­دهد که تکامل خاک از سنگ­های مادری ریز‌بافت شامل شیل، سنگ رس و مارن گچی متاثر از مقدار و نوع کانی‌های رسی و نیز مقدار گچ می‌باشد به‌طوری‌که فراوانی اسمکتیت به همراه درصد زیاد رس موجب تشکیل خاک­های ورتی‌سول بر روی سنگ رس شده است در حالی‌که با وجود اسمکتیت قابل توجه، حضور مقدار زیاد گچ در خاک­های حاصل از مارن­های گچی موجب تعدیل انبساط و انقباض و مانع تشکیل ورتی‌سول می‌شود. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که پایداری زمین­نما، استعداد خوب هوادیدگی و ترکیب کانی­های رسی موجود در شیل از مهم‌ترین عوامل تشکیل خاک‌های عمیق‌تر و با تکامل بیشتر بر روی شیل­های سازند سنگانه) می‌باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evolution of the soils derived from different sedimentary parent rocks in Sheikh Syncline, northeastern Bojnourd

نویسندگان [English]

  • H. Tazikeh 1
  • F. Khormali 2
  • A. Amini 3
  • M. Barani Motlagh 4

1 Department of Soil Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran

2 Department of Soil Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran

3 Department of Geology, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran

4 Department of Soil Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran

چکیده [English]

 

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