Document Type : Applicable
Authors
1 MSc., Biosystems Engineering Department., Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Assistant professor, Biosystems Engineering Department., Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: Considering the high use of agricultural machines in sugarcane Agro-industry company; management of maintenance and repairs is necessary. The application of agricultural mechanization and the management of machines in agriculture is responsible for improving the way of working and correct use of machines. Today, with the mechanization of agricultural systems, the timely performance of activities requires correct machine planning. For proper planning, one must know the reliability of the machines. Increasing efficiency and reliability of machines is an economic necessity. Any scheduled program to increase the reliability of machines can be effective in reducing time loss due to repairs and cause repairs to be completed on time. Therefore, in this research, according to the nature of the project of annual repairs of MF 399 tractors, in which the activities and the time of their completion are possible, the graphic evaluation and review technique (GRET) method was used. GERT's method is one of the possible network programming methods. In GERT's method, the occurrence of activities is considered possible and a percentage of probability is assigned for the occurrence of each activity.
Materials and Methods: This research was conducted in the Dehkhoda Sugarcane Agro-industry Company in the crop year of 2023-2024. Dehkhoda Sugarcane Agro-industry Company has 42 Messi Ferguson 399 double differential tractors. In this research, in order to schedule annual repairs, statistics and data related to the repairs of 22 MF 399 tractors were collected and the data of other machines were used to compare the actual repair time with the calculated schedule. The 13 repair items of MF 399 tractors used in the company include: engine, clutch, gearbox, differential and rear axle, brake, rear hub, body, front axle, hydraulics, electricity and battery, wheels, service and greasing. The work breakdown structure diagram and network model of annual MF 399 tractor repairs were drawn. To extract the time distribution density function of each activity, first the available information was collected for each activity, then the time distribution density function was determined for each activity. The time to perform the activities is fuzzy and they are expressed by triangular fuzzy numbers. In this research, after scheduling, the results obtained from GERT's method were compared with the actual time spent to perform annual MF 399 tractor repairs and the appropriateness of the estimates was determined. For this purpose, in order to determine the actual time of annual MF 399 tractor repairs, among the tractors available in the mechanical equipment department of Dehkhoda Sugarcane Agro-industry Company, in the crop year 2023-2024, a sample was randomly selected and the actual duration of repairs was determined. Then the actual time to complete the operation was compared with the expected time.
Results and Discussion: The time to complete the annual repairs of MF 399 tractors was estimated to be 225.93 hours using the classic GERT method. But in GERT's Fuzzy method, the time calculated for annual MF 399 tractor repairs was (295.30, 232.07, 168.73) hours. The actual duration of annual repairs for 20 tractors (out of a total of 42 tractors) in Dehkhoda Sugarcane Agro-industry Company, which were repaired during the 2023-2024 crop year, according to the information available in the technical office of the company's mechanical equipment, was determined. 29.12% of the real times for completing MF 399 tractor repairs were estimated outside the fuzzy time. Therefore, the manager of the repair unit can reduce the cost of time loss and manage the time to complete the operation in the optimal time frame by using correct planning and reducing the reasons for the delay in the operation.
Conclusion: Therefore, GERT F Fuzzy's method provides the possibility to the manager of the repair unit to set the completion time in the estimated range appropriately, taking into account other effective factors involved in the operation, so that there is no disruption in the implementation of activities and on the other hand, the costs to minimize when the work is not done. It also provides the possibility to create cuts at different times and control the operation process and modify it if needed. In the real world, due to existing uncertainties, there is not enough confidence in the duration of the annual maintenance of tractors, but nevertheless, the results obtained from GERT's method in this research are close to the actual time of completion of operations and make the estimates more appropriate.
Keywords
Main Subjects
1. Abdi‚ R., Ghasemzadeh, H. R., Abdollahpur, S., Sabzehparvar, M. and Mohammadi Nasab, A. D. 2009. Modeling and resource allocation of agricultural mechanization projects with GERT networks. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment, 7 (3&4): 438-441. DOI:10.5555/20093344657.
2. Abdi, R., Ghasemzadeh, H. R., Abdollahpour, S., Sabzeparvar, M. and Dabbag Mohamadi Nasab, A. 2010. Modeling and analysis of mechanization projects of wheat production by GERT networks. Elsevier, Agricultural Sciences in China, 9 (7): 1078-1083. DOI:10.1016/S1671-2927(09)60193-0.
3. Abdi, R. 2008. Planning and scheduling of agricultural mechanization projects with GERT networks (case study: Tabriz Plain). PhD thesis on agricultural mechanization. Tabriz University. (in Persian with English abstract)
4. Afsharnia, F., Marzban, A. 2019. Investigating The Long-term Effect of Preventive Maintenance Strategy on The Operational Efficiency and Failure Rate of Sugarcane Harvester Using Time Series. Journal of Agricultural Machinery, 10(2): 347-359. DOI:10.22067/jam.v10i2.70962 (in Persian with English abstract)
5. Afsharnia, F., Marzban, A. and Asoodar, M. 2020. Preventive maintenance optimization of sugarcane harvester machine based on FTBayesian network reliability. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 38(3): 1-29. DOI:10.1108/IJQRM-01-2020-0015.
6. Afsharnia, F. 2019. Choosing the right model for predicting the damage rate of the Massey Ferguson 399 tractor in strategies different maintenance. Journal of Researches in Mechanics of Agricultural Machinery, 7 (1): 47-55.
7. Agarwal, V., R. K. Upadhyay and S. K. Upadhyay. 2012. An activity analysis of project scheduling problem: A case study. International Journal of Latest Trends in Engineering and Technology 1(4): 73-80.
8. Akram, M. and Habib, A. 2024. A novel Pythagorean fuzzy PERT approach to measure criticality with multi-criteria in project management problems. Granular Computing, 9: 36. DOI:10.1007/s41066-024-00461-x.
9. Chizari, A. H. and Amir Nejad, H. 2001. Project management of a corn drying unit using CPM and PERT methods. Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development. 8 (29): 273-257. (in Persian with English abstract)
10. Dadras Alarlo, F. 2013. Planning of agricultural mechanization projects with PERT networks. MSc. thesis in agricultural mechanization. Tabriz University. (in Persian with English abstract)
11. Fahimifard, S. M. and Kehkha, A. A. 2009. Application of project scheduling in agriculture (case study: grape garden stabilization). American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Science, 5 (3): 313-321.
12. Faria, L. and Silva, J. 2015. Effects of Maintenance Management Procedures in Sugarcane Mechanic Harvesting System Equipment. Journal of the Brazilian Association of Agricultural Engineering, 35 (6): 1187-1197. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430
13. Houshyar, E., and Rahmanian, H. 2017. Estimation of Massey Ferguson tractors life and repair distribution functions and required number of repairmen. Advances in Plants & Agriculture Research, 7(6):427-431. DOI: 10.15406/apar.2017.07.00278
14. Houshyar, A., Mahmoudi Ashkeftaki, M. 2017. Determining the suitable maintenance capacity for some conventional tractors in Iran using queuing theory. Journal of Researches in Mechanics of Agricultural Machinery, 7 (1): 13-23. (in Persian with English abstract)
16. Kolhe, K. P., Demelash G., Lemi, Siraj, K. 2024. Busse Studies of tractor maintenance and replacement strategies of Wonji Shoa Factory, Ethiopia. Journal of Agricultural Engineering, LV: 1552. DOI: 10.4081/jae.2024.1552.
17. Kostomakhin, M., Kostomakhin, N., Kataev, Y., Petrishchev, N. and Tseiko, M. 2023. Proposals for reduction of the cost of ownership of agricultural machinery due to increase controllability and adaptability to diagnosis. E3S Web of Conferences 402, 13003 (2023), DOI:10.1051/e3sconf/202340213003.
18. Monjezi, N., Zaki Dizaji, H. 2016. Fuzzy approach for time optimization of basic repairs of sugarcane harvester using GERT network method. Iranian journal of Biosystem Engineering, 48 (1): 83-91. DOI:10.22059/ijbse.2017.61563 (in Persian with English abstract)
19. Monjezi, N.; Sheikhdavoodi, M. J. and Basirzadeh, H. 2012a. Application of Project Scheduling in Agriculture (Case Study: Mechanized Greenhouses Construction Project). Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 4(3): 241-244.
20. Monjezi, N.; Sheikhdavoodi, M. J.; Basirzadeh, H. and Zakidizaji, H. 2012b. Analysis and Evaluation of Mechanized Greenhouse Construction Project using CPM Methods. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 4(18): 3267-3273.
21. Monjezi, N., M. J. Sheikhdavoodi, H. Zakidizaji, A. Marzban, and M. Shomeili. 2015a. Operations scheduling of sugarcane production using classical GERT method (part I: land preparation, planting and preserve operations). Journal of Agricultural Studies 3 (2): 85-96. DOI: 10.5296/jas.v3i2.7420
22. Monjezi, N., M. J. Sheikhdavoodi, H. Zakidizaji, A. Marzban, and M. Shomeili. 2015b. Operations scheduling of sugarcane production using classical GERT method (part II: preserve operations, harvesting and ratooning). Journal of Agricultural Studies 3 (2): 85-96. DOI: 10.5296/jas.v3i2.7421.
23. Monjezi, N., Sheikhdavoodi1, M. J., Zakidizaji1, H., Marzban, A. & Shomeili, M. 2016a. Operations scheduling of sugarcane production using fuzzy GERT method (part II: preserve operations, harvesting and rationing). Agricultural Engineering International: CIGR Journal, 18 (3), 343- 349.
24. Monjezi, N., Zaki Dizaji, H., Sheikh Davoodi, M. J., Marzban, A., Shomeili, M. 2016b. The application of the fuzzy GERT method in the timing of sugarcane production operations. Agricultural Engineering, 40 (1): 125-139. DOI:10.22055/agen.2017.13082 (in Persian with English abstract)
25. Monjezi, N., Sheikh Davoodi, M. J., Zaki Dizaji, H., Marzban, A., Shomeili, M. 2016c. Identifying and Prioritizing the Effective Parameters on Lack of Timeliness of Operations of Sugarcane Production using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Journal of Agricultural Machinery, 7(2): 514-526. DOI:10.22067/jam.v7i2.52521 (in Persian with English abstract)
26. Monjezi N and zaki dizaji H. 2017. Fuzzy approach to optimize overhaul time of sugarcane harvester using GERT network method. Iranian Journal of Biosystems Engineering, 48(1): 91-83. DOI: 10.22059/ijbse.2017.61563
27. Numsong, A., Posom, J., Chuan-Udom, S. 2023. Artificial neural network-based repair and maintenance cost estimation model for rice combine harvesters. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 16(2): 38-47. DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231602.5931.
28. Pouzesh, M. Mohatsabi, S. s. and Ahmadi, H. 2018. Determining the reliability function of Messey Ferguson 285 tractors active in Khuzestan agriculture and industry. Proceedings of the 6th National Congress of Agricultural Machinery Engineering and Mechanization. College of Agriculture & Natural Resources of University of Tehran. Karaj. 9 pages. (in Persian with English abstract)
29. Prokopov, S. P., Myalo, O. V., Myalo, V. V., Maltseva, E. I. and Demchuk, E. V. 2023. Increasing productivity of machine-tractor units depending on the influence of the load of the machine operator with maintenance work in the agricultural enterprises of the Omsk region. E3S Web of Conferences, 392: 01043. DOI:10.1051/e3sconf/202339201043.
30. Ramos, P. L., Nascimento, D. C., Cocolo, C., Nicola, M. J., Alonso, C., Ribeiro, L. G., Ennes, A. and Louzada, F. 2018. Reliability-Centered Maintenance: Analyzing Failure in Harvest Sugarcane Machine Using Some Generalizations of the Weibull Distribution. Modelling and Simulation in Engineering, 2018: 1-12. DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.1712.03304.
31. Sharifi, M. 2013. Scheduling and simulation of agricultural mechanization projects of strategic crops using network techniques (case study of Alborz province). PhD thesis on agricultural mechanization. University of Tehran. (in Persian with English abstract)
32. Zaki Dizaji, H., Monjezi, N. 2018. A Network Model for Time Management in Overhaul of Sugarcane Harvester. Journal of Agricultural Machinery, 8(2): 403-412. DOI:10.22067/jam.v8i2.59028 (in Persian with English abstract)
)