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تاثیر کمپوست و بیوچار باگاس بر میزان جذب روی و برخی شاخص‌های رشدی گندم در شرایط گلخانه‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه خاکشناسی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 استادیار گروه خاکشناسی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

3 استاد گروه خاکشناسی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

موادآلی بر مبنای نسبت C/N و نوع ترکیبات می توانند تاثیرات متفاوتی بر زیست فراهمی، جذب و غلظت عناصر کم مصرف در خاک و گیاه داشته باشند. همچنین استفاده از کودهای آلی می تواند درافزایش عملکرد محصولات مختلف کشاورزی و رسیدن به کشاورزی پایدار موثر باشد.به‌منظور بررسی تاثیر کودهای آلی از جمله باگاس و کمپوست و بیوچار و کود شیمیایی سولفات روی بر عملکرد گندم و غلظت و جذب روی در گندم رقم چمران در یک خاک آهکی مطالعه‌ای در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در گلخانه دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز اجرا شد .pH، مواد آلی (OM) و روی قابل دسترس در خاک و عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد و نیز غلظت و جذب روی در اندام های گندم پس از اتمام آزمایش اندازه-گیری و از لحاظ آماری محاسبه شدند. کمپوست با افزایش ماده آلی خاک، موجب بهبود خصوصیات شیمیایی خاک گردید و غلظت عناصر غذایی خاک را افزایش داد. تیمار کمپوست به‌طور معنی داری pH را از 74/7 در شاهد به 53/7 کاهش داد.نتایج نشان داد که روی قابل جذب خاک از 5/0 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم در شاهد به 71/0 در کمپوست به‌طور معنی‌داری افزایش یافت. نتایج کشت نشان داد که تمامی تیمارها به استثنای تیمار باگاس عملکرد گندم را افزایش دادند

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of compost and biochar of bagasses on zinc uptake and growth indices of Wheat under greenhouse condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Rezaee 1
  • Mojtaba Norouzi masir 2
  • Abdolamir Moezzi 3

1 M.Sc, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor of Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid chamran university of Ahvaz, Iran.

3 Professor of Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Introduction:Organic matter based on their composition and the C/N ratio can have different effects on nutrient bioavailability, concentration and uptake in soil and plant. Beside that, organic fertilizer can increase the yield of different agricultural products and pave the wey for emergence of sustainable agricultural . Organic matter is relatively low in majority of soils in Iran, and continuous use of chemical fertilizer would create environmental hazards . Zinc deficiency is a worldwide nutritional constraint in crop production particularly in cereals growing on calcareous soils .
Materials and methods:
This research was conducted to investigate the effects of organic fertilizers such as bagasse, compost and biochar and chemical fertilizer ZnSo4 on yield of wheat and concentration and uptake of Zn in wheat ,a study based on randomized complete block design with 3 replications was conducted in Greenhouse Faculty of Agriculturar of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz during the years1395-96. Treatments included:1-control ,2- ZnSo4 , 3-Bagasse 4- Biochar 5- compost. Some Physical and chemical properties were determined using standard methods (table1).some basic properties of bagasse , compost and biochar were also determined (table 2). after the experiment ,soil and plant properties such as pH, organic matter content(OM), available Zn in soil. and yield , yield components and concentration and uptake of Zn in wheat were determined in samples.After seed ripening grain , yield and component yield were measured from the total pot of each treatment.Statisical analysis of the data was performed using SAS software and comporision using Toki method was also performed.
Results: the intial soil was clay loam with organic matter content( om=0.79).Results showed that the treatments had significant effect (p≤ 0.01) on percentage of organic carbon, organic matter, the availability of Zn and pH of soil . Also content of soil micro element affected by treatments and amount of these parameters were increased by using of organic fertilizers .Increase the organic matter in soil by compost improved a must of chemical peroperties and Increase concentration nutrient element in soil. Results showed that pH in the control decreased significantly from 7.74 of soil to 7.53 of soil in the compost. Results showed that the available Zn in the control increased significantly from 0.5 mg kg-1 of soil to 0.71 mg kg-1 of soil in the compost.The results of the experiment showed that all treatments except bagsse increased factors wheat yield . Compost showed greatest yield and bagasse the lowest yield in the the wheat root, grain and shoots (compared to the control). The highest grain yield was obtained from the application of compost. The maximum amount of chlorophylls (a, b, total and SPAD), with application compost. The highest Plant height was obtained from the application of biochar. The results showed that the highest and the lowest of va lue concentration and uptake of Zn in wheat to compos and bagasse respectivity.
The maximum amount of chlorophylls (a, b, total and SPAD), with application compost. The highest Plant height was obtained from the application of biochar. The results showed that the highest and the lowest of va lue concentration and uptake of Zn in wheat to compos and bagasse respectivity.

Discussion:The obtained result highlight the increased effects of compost on yield and yield components and Zn uptake change in wheat, also in comparison to other treatments, it emphasizes ore on the soil though they were useful too. Therefore, it can be concluded that applying organic fertilizers especially composted form would have, useful effects on plant growth and increasing the concentration of Zn of wheat .
The obtained result highlight the increased effects of compost on yield and yield components and Zn uptake change in wheat, also in comparison to other treatments, it emphasizes ore on the soil though they were useful too. Therefore, it can be concluded that applying organic fertilizers especially composted form would have, useful effects on plant growth and increasing the concentration of Zn of wheat .
The obtained result highlight the increased effects of compost on yield and yield components and Zn uptake change in wheat, also in comparison to other treatments, it emphasizes ore on the soil though they were useful too. Therefore, it can be concluded that applying organic fertilizers especially composted form would have, useful effects on plant growth and increasing the concentration of Zn of wheat .

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Compost
  • Wheat
  • Organic fertilizers
  • Zinc
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مهندسی زراعی
دوره 44، شماره 2
شهریور 1400
صفحه 255-274
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