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تأثیر نانو ذرات اکسید آهن عامل‌دار بر میزان جذب روی و برخی شاخص های رشدی گندم در شرایط گلخانه ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه خاکشناسی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 استادیار گروه شیمی دانشکده علوم دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

3 استادیار گروه خاکشناسی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

4 دانشیار- دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز- دانشکده کشاورزی- گروه خاکشناسی

چکیده

در میان فناوری‌های نوین، فناوری نانو نقش مهمی در کشاورزی و تولید مواد غذایی دارد. در این راستا، آزمایشی به صورت طرح کامل تصادفی برای بررسی تأثیر نانو ذرات اکسید آهن عامل‌دار بر ویژگی‌های عملکردی و غلظت و جذب و روی گندم انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش، شامل نانو ذرات اکسید آهن عامل‌دار (هیدروکسیل OH، کربوکسیل COOH، آمین NH2) هر کدام در سه سطح (100، 200 و 300 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم)، سولفات روی (ZnSO4) (در سطح 40 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و تیمار شاهد بودند. نتایج نشان داد که بیش‌ترین مقدار روی قابل دسترس خاک در تیمار نانو ذرات اکسید آهن کربوکسیل‌دار به مقدار 300 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم نسبت به تیمار شاهد به‌دست می‌آید.  بیش‌ترین مقدار عملکرد ریشه و ساقه در تیمار نانو ذرات اکسید آهن هیدروکسیل‌دار به مقدار 300 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم به‌دست آمد. نانو ذرات اکسید آهن کربوکسیل‌دار بیش‌ترین تأثیر را بر غلظت و جذب روی در گندم داشتند. بنابراین استفاده از نانو ذرات به مقدار مناسب می‌تواند موجب بهبود وضعیت عناصر غذایی خاک، محصولات و در نهایت انسان شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Functionalized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Zinc Uptake and some Growth Indices of Wheat in Greenhouse Conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Abdolahi 1
  • Mehdi Taghavi 2
  • Mojtaba Norouzi masir 3
  • Abdolamir Moezzi 4

1 M.Sc, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran

3 Assistant Professor of Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid chamran university of Ahvaz, Iran

4 Associate Professor- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz

چکیده [English]

Nanotechnology has created a range of new applications in different stages of agriculture. The application of Nano-fertilizers for plants is of vital importance because of its unique properties, such as the specific surface and high reactivity. Many studies have investigated the effect of metal nanoparticles on yield and concentration of elements in the plant. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effects of Functionalized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (FIONPs) on plant yield, concentration and uptake of Zinc in root and shoots of wheat under greenhouse cultivation in a calcareous soil.
Materials and Methods This study was conducted in the greenhouse condition as a randomized complete design with three replications. Treatment consisted of functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles (Hydroxyl: OH, Carboxyl: COOH and Amine: NH2) each at three levels (100, 200 and 300 mg.kg-1), ZnSO4 (40 kg.ha-1) and Control. During the experiment, some parameters such as the plant height and chlorophyll index were measured. At the end of the cultivation period, dry weight and Zn concentration of root, shoot and grain was determined using Atomic absorption apparatus (Perkin elmer A_Analyst 200 model). Likewise, content of soil available Zn was measured using DTPA.
Results The amount of available zinc in all levels of iron oxide nanoparticles, except Amine iron oxide nanoparticles (at levels of 200 and 300 mg / kg), was significantly (p < 0.01) increased compared to control. The maximum amount of soil available Zn were observed in levels of 300, 200 and 100 mg.kg-1 Carboxyl iron oxide nanoparticles with 83.64, 70.91 and 63.64% increment compared to control, respectively. Effect of treatments of functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles and zinc sulfate on chlorophyll content, plant height and dry weight of shoots was significant (p < 0.01). The maximum yield of root and shoot was obtained at the level of 300 mg.kg-1 of Carboxyl iron oxide nanoparticles with 34.74 and 25.1% increment compared to control, respectively. The maximum grain yield was observed at the level of 300 mg.kg-1 of Carboxyl iron oxide nanoparticles with 36.51% increment compared to control. The maximum chlorophyll content was obtained in Carboxyl iron oxide nanoparticles (at level of 300 mg. kg-1) with 11.38% increment compared to control. The maximum of Zinc concentration in root, shoot and grain was observed at the level of 300 mg.kg-1 carboxylic oxide nanoparticles with 103.62, 159.26 and 26.87% increment compared to control, respectively.
Conclusions The results showed that application of FIONPs improved soil pH and subsequently available zinc of soil. Also, nanoparticles increased the yield, concentration and uptake of zinc in root, shoots and grain of wheat. Therefore, based on the obtained results from this study, it can be said that use of new strategies such as nanoparticles can be useful in improving soil conditions and bioavailability of Micronutrient like Zinc and reducing chemical fertilizers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nanoparticles
  • Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
  • Zinc Concentration
  • Yield
  • wheat
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مهندسی زراعی
دوره 41، شماره 4
اسفند 1397
صفحه 131-146
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